The Central African Republic is located in the Central Africa. The landlocked country is surrounded by Chad in the north, Sudan in the east, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the south, and Cameroon in the west. Bangui (4 22 N, 18 35 E) is the capital.
HISTORY:- The larger Adamawa-Eastern-speaking group and smaller Bantu-speaking groups inhabited in the region between 1000 BC and 1000 AD. During 16th to 19th centuries, the country became a heaven for slave traders. In 1894, the country was captured by the French. In 1905, the region was merged with Chad. In 1910, it was again merged with Gabon and the Middle Congo to form French Equatorial Africa. Following the World War II, the outbreak of a rebellion prompted the autonomous government of the country. In 1958, it became an autonomous territory within the French Community. Finally On 13th August, 1960, the territory gained its independence from France. David Dacko became the President. In 1965, David Dacko was replaced by Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa in a coup. In 1976, the region was renamed as the Central African Empire with Jean-Bédel Bokassa as Emperor Bokassa I. In 1979, after much brutality and anarchism Bokassa was overpowered by David Dacko and the name was again changed into the former one. In 1981, Dacko was again overthrown in a coup. In 1993 elections, Prime Minister Ange-Félix Patassé defeated President André Kolingba. Patassé was overthrown by Gen. François Bozizé in 2001 and military rule began. In 2003 presidential elections, Bozizé had won fairly.
GEOGRAPHY:- Central African Republic is located at 7 00 N, 21 00 E in the Central Africa. The landlocked country is the 43rd largest country in the world, possessing total 622,984 sq km land area. The lowest point is Oubangui River (335 m) and the highest point is Mont Ngaoui (1,420 m). The country has a vast, flat to rolling, and mountainous plateau, with scattered hills in the northeast and southwest. Two-third of the country lies on the basins of Ubangi River.
CLIMATE:- The climate of the country is mostly tropical with hot, dry winters and temperature to hot, wet summers.
GOVERNMENT:- Central African Republic celebrates its independence on 13th August. The constitution was drafted by a popular referendum on 5 December 2004 and adopted on 27th December 2004. The legal procedures are conducted according to the French law. The government is divided into three major branches:
Executive branch comprises the President (chief of state), the Prime minister (head of government), and cabinet. The Prime minister is appointed by the major political parties in parliament.
Legislative branch comprises the unicameral National Assembly (109 seats).
Judicial branch comprises the Supreme Court, Constitutional Court and other small courts.
Prominent political parties are Alliance for Democracy and Progress, Central African Democratic Assembly, Civic Forum, Democratic Forum, Liberal Democratic Party, Movement for Democracy and Development, Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People, Patriotic Front for Progress, People's Union for the Republic, National Unity Party, and Social Democratic Party. Suffrage is universal at 21.
Executive branch comprises the President (chief of state), the Prime minister (head of government), and cabinet. The Prime minister is appointed by the major political parties in parliament.
Legislative branch comprises the unicameral National Assembly (109 seats).
Judicial branch comprises the Supreme Court, Constitutional Court and other small courts.
Prominent political parties are Alliance for Democracy and Progress, Central African Democratic Assembly, Civic Forum, Democratic Forum, Liberal Democratic Party, Movement for Democracy and Development, Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People, Patriotic Front for Progress, People's Union for the Republic, National Unity Party, and Social Democratic Party. Suffrage is universal at 21.
President François Bozizé
Prime Minister Faustin-Archange Touadéra
Prime Minister Faustin-Archange Touadéra
ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS:- The Central African Republic is a combination of 14 administrative prefectures, 2 economic prefectures (Nana-Grébizi and Sangha-Mbaéré) and 1 autonomous commune (Bangui).
The 14 political prefectures are:
Bamingui-Bangoran
Basse-Kotto
Haute-Kotto
Haut-Mbomou
Kémo
Lobaye
Mambéré-Kadéï
Mbomou
Nana-Mambéré
Ombella-M'Poko
Ouaka
Ouham
Ouham-Pendé
Vakaga
Bamingui-Bangoran
Basse-Kotto
Haute-Kotto
Haut-Mbomou
Kémo
Lobaye
Mambéré-Kadéï
Mbomou
Nana-Mambéré
Ombella-M'Poko
Ouaka
Ouham
Ouham-Pendé
Vakaga
These prefectures are in turn divided into 71 sub-prefectures.
CULTURE:- Anurée Blouin, Etienne Goyemide are two famous writers of the country. The country has a rich collection of folk music- like the Banda music, the Pygmy music. Football is the most popular sport in the country.
ECONOMY:- Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of Central African Republic, providing almost 50% of the total GDP. Diamond export brings 40-55% of foreign earning. The landlocked position, a poor transportation system, an inexperienced and unskilled labour force, and misdirected economic policies are responsible for being its one of the poorest countries in the world and among the ten poorest countries in Africa. The Ecologist 2001 ranks the country to have the highest sustainable development.
GDP/PPP $4.913 billion (2006 est.); per capita $1,100.
Real growth rate: 3%.
Inflation: 3.6% (2001 est.).
Budget:
Revenues: $250 million
Expenditures: $273 million (2007 est.)
Revenues: $250 million
Expenditures: $273 million (2007 est.)
Debt - external: $1.153 billion (2007 est.)
Unemployment: 8% (23% for Bangui) (2001 est.).
Arable land: 3%. Agriculture: cotton, coffee, tobacco, manioc (tapioca), yams, millet, corn, bananas; timber.
Labor force: n.a.
Industries: gold and diamond mining, logging, brewing, textiles, footwear, assembly of bicycles and motorcycles.
Natural resources: diamonds, uranium, timber, gold, oil, hydropower.
Exports: $131 million f.o.b. (2004 est.): diamonds, timber, cotton, coffee, tobacco.
Imports: $203 million f.o.b. (2004 est.): food, textiles, petroleum products, machinery, electrical equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals.
Major trading partners: Belgium, Italy, Spain, U.S., France, Indonesia, China, Cameroon (2004).
Monetary unit: CFA Franc
LANGUAGE:- Sango is the National language while French is the official language. Other tribal languages are also widely spoken.
CITIES:- Capital city Bangui is the largest city. Other large cities are Berberati, Bouar, Bambari, Bangassou, Bossangoa, Mbaiki, and Carnot.
POPULATION:- The estimated population of the country is 4,369,038 with a growth rate of 1.5%.
Density per sq mi: 18
Literacy rate: 51% (2003 est.)
Density per sq mi: 18
Literacy rate: 51% (2003 est.)
RACE:-
Baya 33%
Banda 27%
Mandjia 13%
Sara 10%
Mboum 7%
M'Baka 4%
Yakoma 4%
Other 2%
Baya 33%
Banda 27%
Mandjia 13%
Sara 10%
Mboum 7%
M'Baka 4%
Yakoma 4%
Other 2%
RELIGION:-
Indigenous beliefs 35%
Protestant and Roman Catholic 25% each
Islam 15%
Indigenous beliefs 35%
Protestant and Roman Catholic 25% each
Islam 15%
HEALTH:-
Birth rate: 33.13 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate: 18.26 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 82.36 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 43.97 years
Total fertility rate: 4.23 children born/woman (2008 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 23,000 (2003 est.)
Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2005): 54
Birth rate: 33.13 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate: 18.26 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 82.36 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 43.97 years
Total fertility rate: 4.23 children born/woman (2008 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 23,000 (2003 est.)
Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2005): 54
UNICEF:- UNICEF has been committed to organize 3 National Child Survival Day campaigns every year with complete health packages for women and children and gives provisional treatment for malnourished children. 115,000 children and 11,000 pregnant women already received de-worming treatment, 60,000 children received Vitamin-A supplementation, 13,000 babies received DPT3 vaccination, 20,000 children received measles vaccination. In Sudanese refugee camp, UNICEF provided 40 m3 of drinking water every day. 570 community workers of 121 villages are being trained in HIV and Gender-Based Violence awareness. UNICEF and COOPI, promote the Bush Schools project to educate 12,500 conflict-stricken children with school kits and provide parent-teachers training. UNICEF also fights against child labour.
TRANSPORTATION:-
Railways: 0 km.
Highways: total: 23,810 km; paved: 643 km; unpaved: 23,167 km (1999 est.). Waterways: 2,800 km (2004).
Ports and harbors: Bangui, Nola, Salo, Nzinga.
Airports: 50 (2006 est.).
Railways: 0 km.
Highways: total: 23,810 km; paved: 643 km; unpaved: 23,167 km (1999 est.). Waterways: 2,800 km (2004).
Ports and harbors: Bangui, Nola, Salo, Nzinga.
Airports: 50 (2006 est.).
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